Dough-kneader.



W. PALMER & 1:". BLACKMORE. DOUGH KNEADBR. ArPLIoA'HoN FILED nov. s',1907.

Patented Dec. 8, 1908.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

TH; NuRms PETERS cz. WASHING-row, n4 c.

w. PALMER. s; P. E. BLAGKMORB. DOUGH KNEADEB.

APPLlCATION FILED NOV. 6, 1901.

906,271. Pat-,ema Dec.8,19o8.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Trane. )s EPMIS Bl aclfmorq BJ www 1H: NoRRls PE1-sns a. wAsHmaroN. n.c.

W. PALMER & P. E.- BLAGKMORE.

DOUGH v KNEADER.

LPPLIUATION I'ILBD Nov. e, 1907 Patented Deo. 8,1908.

4 SHEETS-snuff 4.

THE NoRRIs PETERS co.. wAsHlNsraN, n. c,

UNITED STATES PATENT oEEroE.

WALTER PALMER, OF LONDON, AND FRANCIS ERNEST BLACKMORE, .OF READING,ENG- LAND, ASSIGNORS TO IEIUNTLEY & PALMERS LIMITED, OF READING,ENGLAND.

DOUGH-KNE ADER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 8, 1908.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that we, WALTER PALMER,

baronet, a subject of the King of Great Britpost-office address is 50GrosvenorSquare,

London aforesaid, and FRANCIS ERNEST BLAOKMORE, a subject of the King ofGreat Britain and Ireland, of Hillsboro, Glebe Road, Reading,in thecounty of Berks, England, engineer, and whose post-ofiice address isHillsboro, Glebe Road, Reading aforesaid, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Dough-Kneaders, of which the following is aspecification.

The object of this invention is to provide means whereby the working, orkneading, compressing, and amalgamating, of dough, or other plasticsubstances, is done in a very efficient and expeditious manner by simpleapparatus without the use of what are known as brake rollers and withoutfolding the dough, or the like, in layers over each other, as hashitherto been considered necessary in working, or kneading, compressing,and amalgamating some doughs, or the like, especially in preparingbiscuit-making dough.

The apparatus according to this invention works, or kneads, compresses,and amalgamates, the dough, or the like, so that it is continuously fed,or carried, forward in a layer, or sheet, of the thickness and widthnecessary for the required purpose.

We will presume that the invention is to be applied to the working, orkneading, compressing, and amalgamating of dough, in biscuit-making,from which its application to analogous vpurposes will also beunderstood.

The ap aratus consists of a receptacle for the dough, the saidreceptacle being of a length correspondingto, or Ysufficient for, thewidth of the sheet, or layer, of dough required, the -sides vof thisreceptacle being movable and inclined -towards each other from theentrance, or near the entrance, to

the exit, or near the exit, and the said movable sides being preferablyprovided with transverse ribs, or the equivalent, which will engage`with the dough and positively force Vthe 'edges of the movable-sidesbear, so that, j when the said movable -sides are `opera`ted,1

they will work, Vor knead, compress, aand samalganiaif/e, the dough'fandcause, or fallow, @ittofpass 'through'the receptacle tothe exit 'and'therefrom onto fai'iy :suitable traveling table, orw'eb ,or into, oronto, other receiver, kor device, forthe subsequent Voperations ofbiscuit-making. The motion given to the aforesaid movable -sides of 4thereceptacle lis preferablysuch that the said sides first move towardseach *other with "a motion towards the-exit, so that *the said sidescompress the Cloughl and move it towards the exit, the said rsidesafterwards movingapart and in a direction away from the exit, sothat,when the next move inwards and towards the exit, they exercise their`compressive and yfeeding action upon the dough -at l'a vsucceedingportion thereof, "and thus 'continuously knead, compress, and-amalgamate, the dough and vfeedit towards, and `out'from, the exit. Theplates'formingfthe ends ofthe receptacle are Vpreferably so shaped, orprovided With-projections, or recesses, `that the ydough is retained inposition and is prevented from adheringto the ysides as they move fromthe dough and away from the exit Apreparatory to acting upon asucceedingportion of the dough. These projections, recesses, or the like, are suchas not to retard the movement of thedoughinth'e direction of the exitunder the actlon ofthe movable side'plates. If necessary, on account -ofthe width ofthe sheet, or layer, Vof vdou h, there 'can be stationarysurfaces, or rol ers, below the movable sides which will prevent theVmid-portions of the layer, or sheet, of dough at the exit from adheringto, and being carried sidewise "by, 'the movable sides as they moveoutwards from the dough, but generally these will 'not Vbe necessary.

We will fnow describe, with reference yto the accompanying drawings,arrangements lof mechanism Vaccording to this invention, "but it is tobe understood that we Vdo not limit ourselves to the yparticularconstruction of fthese arrangements.

iFigure 1 is a'vertical section and Fig. 2 a plan of one arrangement,"and Figs. 3 and 4 are vertical sections showing modifications ashereinafter described. Fig. 5 shows a pair of movable'side plateswithout ribs, or projections, thereon.y Fig. 6 illustrates an adjustablearrangement of the cranks which can beused.

Re'ferringirsttto Fig. 1i; in bearings 1- carlflO ried by upper membersof a framing 2 are two crank-shafts 3 operated by any suitable motor andgear, such as the pinions 4 and toothed gearing wheels 5. The cranks ofthe said shafts are embraced by straps 6 at the backs of two oppositemovable side plates 7 so that the cranks of one shaft operate onemovable side plate, and the cranks of the other shaft operate the othermovable side plate. The said movable side plates 7 converge towards eachother from above downwards and, at the back of their lower parts, areeyes 8 connected by pins 9 and links 1() to pins 11 carried by pieces 12adjustable, by screws 13, or otherwise, in slots 14 in the framework, soas to alter the distance between the lower parts of the said movableside plates 7. The said movable side plates 7 are provided withhorizontal ribs, or ridges, 15, wave-like in section, as shown, so thatthe Said plates'7 will firmly grip the dough when the said platesapproach each other and move downwards, and so that the said plates 7will readily leave the dough when the plates recede from each other andmove upwards out of contact with the dough to engage with higher of thecorrugations'made in the dough by the precedingoperation. On each of theend plates 16 which close the space between the two. movable plates 7and constitute a bearing surface for the said plates 7 as they move, isa rib 17, ruiming in the direction of the feed and serving to retain thedough in position when the movable side plates 7 leave it and prevent itbeing carried to either side by adherence to the side plates 7 when theymove outwards and upwards. Thus the movable side plates 7 compress thedough and force it downwards and intermittently leave the dough and moveoutwards and upwards, and then they again move inwards and downwards soas to act upon a further portion of the dough and compress that andforce it downwards, and so on while the machine is in operation.

The arrangement shown in Fig. 3 is like that hereinbefore described (andcorresponding parts are marked with the same letters of reference), butinstead of the lower parts of the side plates 7 being connected by linksto the adjustable pieces 12, the pins 11 of the said pieces carryrollers 18, against which the surfaces of projections 19 at the backs ofthe plates 7 bear. Thus the plates are pivoted at their lower edges inboth constructions, either on the ins 9 in the one or on the rollers 18in t e other, and the plates are rocked on these pivoting points by theshaft 3, while the rocking motion is supplemented by the movement,effected through the same means, in the direction of the feed and backagain, as described.

The arrangement shown in Fig. 4 is like that shown in Fig. 3, exceptthat the crank shafts are shown as being driven by right, and left,handed worms 24, gearing with the worm-wheels 5, and the movable sideplates are shown as being provided each with only one rib, orprojection, 15, constituting a shoulder. The bearings 1 for the crankshafts 3 are shown adjustable by the screws 25, the respective pairs ofwhich may, if desired, be operated simultaneously by chains passing oversprockets 26 on the screws 25 to insure proper relative movement. Themovable side plates may be both alike, or be provided with differentribs, projections, shoulders, or the like, or one, or both, of them maybe plain.

Fig. 5 shows a pair of movable side plates which are plain, that is,which are without ribs, projections, or shoulders.

ln each arrangement 20 is a table over which passes an endless web 21carried by rollers 22 and 23 mounted in bearings carried by theframework, the roller 23 being rotated by any suitable gear so that theweb 21 carries the dough which has been operated upon away from themachine on its way to any required place for further manipulation.

ln the various arrangements the respective pairs of screws 13 foraltering the distance between the lower parts of the movable side plates7 may, if desired, be operated simultaneously by chains passing oversprockets 35 on the said screws 13 to insure proper relative movement.

Fig. 6 shows, partly in section, how the cranks may be arranged so thattheir throws can be adjusted to alter the amount of movement given tothe movable side plates 7. The crank shaft 3 carries two eccentrics 27,connected by a sleeve 28, these being made in longitudinal halvessecured together by screw bolts and nuts 29, for enabling them to be putin place on the crank shaft. The eccentrics 27 are made fast in therequired osition on the crank shaft by collars 30, o' polygonal shapeinside, and fitting over similarly shaped portions 3l on the crank shaftto prevent turning, each eccentric 27 being provided with a 'hxed pin32, which fits into either of the holes 33 in the collars 30. The nuts34 keep the whole in position. The arrangement is shown with theeccentrics 27 at their greatest throw. If the nuts 34 be released andthe collars 30 slipped back and the eccentrics 27 be turned on the crankshaft and the pins 32 be engaged with another of the holes 33, the throwcan be altered as desired.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our saidinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declarethat what we claim is:

1. In a machine of the character described, kneading plates betweenwhich the substance to be treated passes, and means to give said platesa kneading movement and a positive l plates a kneading movement and apositive movement in the direction of the feed, substantially asdescribed.

2. In a machine of the character described, kneading plates betweenwhich the substance to be treated passes, said plates being inclined soas to approach each other on one side, and means to give said plates akneading movementJ and a positive movement in the direction of the feedwhereby said substance is passed from between said plates at the side atwhich the latter approach each other, substantially as described.

3. In a machine of the character described, kneading plates betweenwhich the substance to be treated passes, a crank shaft operativelyconnected to each of said plates and means to actuate the same to give amotion in the direction of the feed as well as a reciprocating movementtoward and away from each other to said plates, substantially asdescribed.

4. In a machine of the character described, stationary end pieces toconfine the substance to be treated, interposed kneading plates betweenwhich the substance to be treated passes, and means to give said platesa kneading and feeding movement, substantially as described.

5. In a machine of the character described, stationary end pieces toconfine the substance to be treated provided with retaining` ribs,interposed kneading plates between which the substance to be treatedpasses, and means to give said plates a kneading and feeding movement,substantially as described.

6. In a machine of the character described, kneading plates betweenwhich the substance to be treated passes, andmeans to move said platestoward each other and in the direction of the feed and then away fromeach other and in the opposite direction, substantially as described.

7. In a machine of the character described, kneading plates betweenwhich the substance to be treated passes, said plates being inclined soas to approach each other on one side, means to adjust the distancebetween the plates at this side, and means to give said movement in thedirection of the feed, substantially as described.

8. In a machine of the character described, kneading plates betweenwhich the substance to be treated passes, and means to give said platesa kneading movement and a positive movement in the direction of thefeed, in combination with a moving endless band to receive the substanceas it leaves the plates.

9. In a machine of the character described, kneading plates betweenwhich the substance to be treated passes, a crank shaft operativelyconnected to each of said plates and means to actuate the same to give avertical motion aswell as a reciprocating movement toward and away fromeach other to said plates, in combination with cams for adjust ing thelength of the strokes of the plates.

10. In a machine of the character described, kneading plates pivoted atone side and means for rocking said plates on their pivoting pointstoward and away from each other, and imparting thereto a positivemovement in the direction of the feed, substantially as described.

l1. In a machine of the character described, pivoted kneading plates andmeans for simultaneously rocking said plates toward each other andmoving them in the direction of the feed, and then away from each otherand in the opposite direction, substantially as described.

12. In ,a machine of the character described, kneading plates and meansfor imparting thereto a kneading and feeding movement, and thenreturning the plates to their original position, in combination withmeans to )revent the substance to be treated by said plates fromadhering thereto during their return movement.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this speciiication inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WALTER PALMER. FRANCIS ERNEST BLACKMORE.

